TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of fruit development, antioxidant capacity, and potential vasoprotective action of peumo (Cryptocarya alba), a native fruit of Chile
AU - Valdenegro, Mónika
AU - Bernales, Maricarmen
AU - Knox, Marcela
AU - Vinet, Raúl
AU - Caballero, Eduardo
AU - Ayala-Raso, Aníbal
AU - Kučerová, Denisa
AU - Kumar, Rohitesh
AU - Viktorová, Jitka
AU - Ruml, Tomáš
AU - Figueroa, Carlos R.
AU - Fuentes, Lida
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by the ?Fondo de Investigaci?n del Bosque Nativo? of the National Forest Corporation (CONAF, Chile, grant number 064/2011), by CREAS CONICYTREGIONAL GORE Regi?n de Valpara?so, R17A10001, and by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic, program TREND (No. FW03010400).
Funding Information:
an increase in length and change in color. Furthermore, the decreas18e ofin 22CO2 production during ripening, without ethylene detection during maturation, suggests a non-climac-teric behavior for this fruit. Notably, the high antioxidant capacity determined by ORAC and cellular assay and the anti-inflammatory and vasoprotective activity of methanol ex-duringripening,tracts withoutof ripe ethylenepeumdetectiono could be duringassocmaturation,iated with thsuggestse presence anon-cliof diffmactericerent bioactive mole-behaviorforthisculfreuit.s: quercetNotablins, y, theprohighcyanidins,antioxidantcatechincapacityand epicdeterminedatechin, chbylorogORACenic aciandd, and alkaloids, cellularassayandamongtheanti-inflammatoryothers, observed bandy HPLC/vasoprMSotective. These activityresultsofsuggmethanolest thatextractspeumo fruit could be ofripe peumousedcouldas bea fuassociatednctional inwithgredienthet. prThesencee resuloftsdifare ferproentmisibioactiveng, conmolecules:sidering that peumo is a quercetins,procyanidins,species of eascatechiny domandesticaepicatechin,tion and canchlorgrow ogenicin lowacid,irrandigationalkaloids,conditiamongons. Therefore, future others,observedstudiebyHPLC/MS.s of the effTheseect ofrpoesultsstharvestsuggestandthatpropeumocessingfruitin couldthesebenatusedive fruasits a are critical to functional ingredient. The results are promising, considering that peumo is a species of strengthening their potential use as a new food or ingredient. easy domestication and can grow in low irrigation conditions. Therefore, future studies of the effect of postharvestAuthor Coandntribprutiocessingons: Coninceptualizatithese nativeon, L.frF., uitsC.R.arF.e,criticaland M.V.to;strmethoengtheningdology, M.B., M.K., R.V., their potential useL.F., asMa.V.new, E.C.food, A.Aor.-R.ingr, J.V.edient., R.K. and D.K.; software, A.A.-R. and J.V.; validation, M.K., R.V., L.F., M.V., A.A.-R., D.K., and J.V.; formal analysis, M.K., R.V., L.F., M.V., A.A.-R., R.K.,and J.V.; investi-AuthorContributions:gation, Conceptualization,M.K., R.V., L.F. andL.MF.,.V.; C.Rresources, .F. and M.VL..;F., meC.thR.odF.o,loM.Vgy,.M.B.,, M.K. M.K.,and RR..VV.; ., Ldat.F.,a curation, M.K., M.V.,E.C.,A.A.-R.,R.V.J.,VL.,.F., R.K.M.andV., AD.K.;.A.-R.softwarand J.e,V.;A.A.-R.writingand—original J.V.; validation,draft preparM.K.,atiRon, .V.,L.LF.F..and , M.VM..,V.; writing—re-A.A.-R.,D.K.andviJew .V.;and formaleditanalysis,ing, L.F.,M.K.,M.V., RM..VK., ., L.R.VF., M.,.CV..R., A.A.-R.,F., J.V. andR.K.T.andR.; visualizatJ.V.; investigation,ion, L.F., M.K., and R.V.; M.K.,R.V.,L.F.andsupervisM.V.io; n,resourL.F.,ces,M.V., L.FM.,.CK., .RR.V..F., M, J..V.V.,and M.K.T.R.; andprojectR.V.; dataadminiscuration,tration,M.KL.F..,and R.V.M, .V.; funding ac-L.F.,M.V.,A.A.-R.quisiandtiJon,.V.;L.writing—originalF., C.R.F., M.V. and draftJ.V.preparation,All authors L.haveF. andreadM.V.and ; writing—ragreed toeviewthe puandblished version of editing, L.F., M.V., M.K., R.V., C.R.F., J.V. and T.R.; visualization, L.F., M.K., and R.V.; supervision, L.F., M.V., M.K., R.V., J.V. and T.R.; project administration, L.F. and M.V.; funding acquisition, L.F., C.R.F., Funding: This research was funded by the “Fondo de Investigación del Bosque Nativo” of the NaM.V. and J.V. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. tional Forest Corporation (CONAF, Chile, grant number 064/2011), by CREAS CONICYT-RE- Funding: ThisreGsIeOaNrcAhLwGasOfRuEn dReedgibóyn tdheeV“Faolpnadroaísdoe,IRn1v7eAst1i0g0a0c1ió, nandde lbBy otshqeu TeeNchantiovloo”gyofAtgheency of the Czech National ForestRCeoprupbolriac,tipornog(CraOmNTARFE,NCDh i(lNe,og.FraWnt03n0u1m04b0e0r).064/2011), by CREAS CONICYT-REGIONAL GORE Región de Valparaíso, R17A10001, and by the Technology Agency of the Czech Institutional Review Board Statement: All animal procedures were approved by the Ethics Com-Republic, program TREND (No. FW03010400). mittee of Universidad de Valparaíso (CIBICA 065-2015). The animals were maintained following Institutional Revthieew reBcoomarmd eSntadtaetmioennsto: fAAllgaennicmiaa Nl parcoiocneadludreesInwveersetiagpacpiróonv yed DbeysatrhreolElot hdiecsCChoilme A-NID, Chile, and mittee of Universwidiathd tdhee VGaulpidaerafíosro t(hCeI BCIaCrAe a0n6d5- U20s1e5o).fTLhaeboarnaimtoarylsAwneirme amlsa i(nNtaaitnioendafloRlleosweainrcght hCeouncil, 2011). recommendations of Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo de Chile ANID, Chile, and with Informed Consent Statement: Not applicable. the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (National Research Council, 2011). Data Availability Statement: Data is contained within the article. Informed Consent Statement: Not applicable. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Data Availability Statement: Data is contained within the article.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - The peumo (Cryptocarya alba) is a native fruit from central Chile that belongs to the Lauraceae family. To characterize the development and the potential health benefits of this edible fruit, quality and physiological parameters, along with antioxidant capacity, were evaluated during three clearly defined developmental stages of the fruit in two seasons. The most distinguishable attributes of ripe fruit were the change in size and color. Low CO2 production and no detectable ethylene levels suggested non-climacteric behavior of the peumo fruit. Peumo demonstrate a significant increase in their antioxidant capacity per 1 g of fresh weight (FW) of the sample, from small to ripe fruit. Higher values in ripe fruit (FRAP: 37.1–38.3 µmol FeSO4/gFW, TEAC: 7.9–8.1 mmol TE/gFW, DPPH: 8.4-8.7 IC50 µg/mL, and ORAC: = 0.19–0.20 mmol TE/gFW) were observed than those in blueberry fruit (FRAP: 4.95 µmol FeSO4/gFW, TEAC: 1.25 mmol TE/gFW, DPPH: 11.3 IC50 µg/mL, and ORAC: 0.032 mmol TE/ gFW). The methanol extracts of ripe fruit displayed the presence of polyphenol acids and quercetin, an ORAC value of 0.637 ± 0.061 mmol TE per g dried weight (DW), and a high cellular antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, the latter exceeding the effect of quercetin and indomethacin used as standard molecules. Also, the assay of isolated rat aorta with endothelium-dependent relaxation damage demonstrated that the peumo extract induced vascular protection, depending on its concentration under a high glucose condition. These results demonstrate that these endemic fruits have a good chance as ingredients or foods with functional properties.
AB - The peumo (Cryptocarya alba) is a native fruit from central Chile that belongs to the Lauraceae family. To characterize the development and the potential health benefits of this edible fruit, quality and physiological parameters, along with antioxidant capacity, were evaluated during three clearly defined developmental stages of the fruit in two seasons. The most distinguishable attributes of ripe fruit were the change in size and color. Low CO2 production and no detectable ethylene levels suggested non-climacteric behavior of the peumo fruit. Peumo demonstrate a significant increase in their antioxidant capacity per 1 g of fresh weight (FW) of the sample, from small to ripe fruit. Higher values in ripe fruit (FRAP: 37.1–38.3 µmol FeSO4/gFW, TEAC: 7.9–8.1 mmol TE/gFW, DPPH: 8.4-8.7 IC50 µg/mL, and ORAC: = 0.19–0.20 mmol TE/gFW) were observed than those in blueberry fruit (FRAP: 4.95 µmol FeSO4/gFW, TEAC: 1.25 mmol TE/gFW, DPPH: 11.3 IC50 µg/mL, and ORAC: 0.032 mmol TE/ gFW). The methanol extracts of ripe fruit displayed the presence of polyphenol acids and quercetin, an ORAC value of 0.637 ± 0.061 mmol TE per g dried weight (DW), and a high cellular antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, the latter exceeding the effect of quercetin and indomethacin used as standard molecules. Also, the assay of isolated rat aorta with endothelium-dependent relaxation damage demonstrated that the peumo extract induced vascular protection, depending on its concentration under a high glucose condition. These results demonstrate that these endemic fruits have a good chance as ingredients or foods with functional properties.
KW - Anti-inflammatory activity
KW - Antioxidants
KW - Bioactivity assessments
KW - Functional food
KW - Polyphenols
KW - Vascular protection
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121141007&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/antiox10121997
DO - 10.3390/antiox10121997
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85121141007
VL - 10
JO - Antioxidants
JF - Antioxidants
SN - 2076-3921
IS - 12
M1 - 1997
ER -