TY - JOUR
T1 - Control of plant-parasitic nematodes with extracts of Quillaja saponaria
AU - Martín, Ricardo San
AU - Magunacelaya, Juan Carlos
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded with FONDEF grant I 2010 awarded by the Chilean Research Council.
PY - 2005/7
Y1 - 2005/7
N2 - Aqueous extracts of the tree Quillaja saponaria Molina, containing triterpenoid saponins, polyphenols, salts and sugars, were tested against the most important plant-parasitic nematodes present in Chile: Xiphinema index, X. americanum s.l., Meloidogyne hapla, M. ethiopica, Pratylenchus thornei, Tylenchorhynchus sp., Criconemoides xenoplax and Helicotylenchus sp. Three different products were tested in the laboratory: i) QL 1000® (whole extract containing saponin and non-saponin fractions); ii) QL ULTRA® (saponin fraction); and iii) QL NS® (non-saponin fraction). The results showed that QL 1000® had important nematicidal effects at economically attractive doses (e.g., 100 ppm). When used separately, QL ULTRA® and QL NS® had minimum nematicidal effects. However, the combined use of both products gave similar results to QL 1000®, suggesting a synergy between the saponin and non-saponin fractions. Based on this, QL 1000® was tested in commercial vineyards and table grapes in the Central region of Chile. The use of 30 1 ha-1 showed a similar control and fruit yields to synthetic chemical nematicides.
AB - Aqueous extracts of the tree Quillaja saponaria Molina, containing triterpenoid saponins, polyphenols, salts and sugars, were tested against the most important plant-parasitic nematodes present in Chile: Xiphinema index, X. americanum s.l., Meloidogyne hapla, M. ethiopica, Pratylenchus thornei, Tylenchorhynchus sp., Criconemoides xenoplax and Helicotylenchus sp. Three different products were tested in the laboratory: i) QL 1000® (whole extract containing saponin and non-saponin fractions); ii) QL ULTRA® (saponin fraction); and iii) QL NS® (non-saponin fraction). The results showed that QL 1000® had important nematicidal effects at economically attractive doses (e.g., 100 ppm). When used separately, QL ULTRA® and QL NS® had minimum nematicidal effects. However, the combined use of both products gave similar results to QL 1000®, suggesting a synergy between the saponin and non-saponin fractions. Based on this, QL 1000® was tested in commercial vineyards and table grapes in the Central region of Chile. The use of 30 1 ha-1 showed a similar control and fruit yields to synthetic chemical nematicides.
KW - Criconemoides xenoplax
KW - Helicotylenchus sp.
KW - Meloidogyne ethiopica
KW - Meloidogyne hapla
KW - Nematicide
KW - Polyphenol
KW - Pratylenchus thornei
KW - Saponin
KW - Tylenchorhynchus sp.
KW - Xiphinema americanum s.l.
KW - Xiphinema index
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33748906648&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1163/156854105774384732
DO - 10.1163/156854105774384732
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:33748906648
SN - 1388-5545
VL - 7
SP - 577
EP - 585
JO - Nematology
JF - Nematology
IS - 4
ER -