TY - JOUR
T1 - Limited Stop Services Design Considering Variable Dwell Time and Operating Capacity Constraints
AU - Lemus-Romani, Jose
AU - Alonso, Borja
AU - Moura, Jose Luis
AU - CRAWFORD LABRIN, BRODERICK
AU - Soto, Ricardo
AU - Gonzalez, Felipe
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the CONICYT PFCHA/ DOCTORADO BECAS NACIONAL/2019 under Grant 21191692, in part by the CONICYT / FONDECYT / REGULAR / under Grant 1171243, and in part by the CONICYT /FONDECYT /REGULAR / under Grant 1190129.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - This article proposes an optimization model to set frequencies, vehicle capacities, required fleet and the stops serving each route along a transit corridor which minimize the total user and operating costs. The optimization problem is solved by applying the 'Black Hole' algorithm, which imitates the movement of stars (solutions), towards a black hole (Best solution). The main contributions of the model are based on incorporating variable dwell times depending on bus stop demand not only to the passenger perceived journey times but also to the bus cycle times and on considering capacity constraints in both vehicles and bus tops. This led to a more accurate and realistic operating times and user perceived journey times. The application of the model to two case studies and the sensitivity analysis carried out demonstrate that for low levels of demand, constant dwell times can be assumed but being these times different between the different stops of the corridor, considering their demand. However, with high level of demand the difference found in operating costs and travel times strongly recommend incorporating variable dwell times in the model in order to achieve a more realistic design of transit corridor strategies.
AB - This article proposes an optimization model to set frequencies, vehicle capacities, required fleet and the stops serving each route along a transit corridor which minimize the total user and operating costs. The optimization problem is solved by applying the 'Black Hole' algorithm, which imitates the movement of stars (solutions), towards a black hole (Best solution). The main contributions of the model are based on incorporating variable dwell times depending on bus stop demand not only to the passenger perceived journey times but also to the bus cycle times and on considering capacity constraints in both vehicles and bus tops. This led to a more accurate and realistic operating times and user perceived journey times. The application of the model to two case studies and the sensitivity analysis carried out demonstrate that for low levels of demand, constant dwell times can be assumed but being these times different between the different stops of the corridor, considering their demand. However, with high level of demand the difference found in operating costs and travel times strongly recommend incorporating variable dwell times in the model in order to achieve a more realistic design of transit corridor strategies.
KW - black hole algorithm
KW - bus rapid transit
KW - dwell time
KW - express services
KW - Limited stop services
KW - transit corridor
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85100933593&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3059512
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3059512
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85100933593
VL - 9
SP - 30359
EP - 30373
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
SN - 2169-3536
M1 - 9354624
ER -