TY - JOUR
T1 - Speciation analysis of organotin compounds in human urine by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detection
AU - Valenzuela, Aníbal
AU - Lespes, Gaëtane
AU - Quiroz, Waldo
AU - Aguilar, Luis F.
AU - Bravo, Manuel A.
PY - 2014/7/1
Y1 - 2014/7/1
N2 - A new headspace solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) method followed by gas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detection (GC-PFPD) analysis has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 11 organotin compounds, including methyl-, butyl-, phenyl- and octyltin derivates, in human urine. The methodology has been validated by the analysis of urine samples fortified with all analytes at different concentration levels, and recovery rates above 87% and relative precisions between 2% and 7% were obtained. Additionally, an experimental-design approach has been used to model the storage stability of organotin compounds in human urine, demonstrating that organotins are highly degraded in this medium, although their stability is satisfactory during the first 4 days of storage at 4 °C and pH=4. Finally, this methodology was applied to urine samples collected from harbor workers exposed to antifouling paints; methyl- and butyltins were detected, confirming human exposure in this type of work environment.
AB - A new headspace solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) method followed by gas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detection (GC-PFPD) analysis has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 11 organotin compounds, including methyl-, butyl-, phenyl- and octyltin derivates, in human urine. The methodology has been validated by the analysis of urine samples fortified with all analytes at different concentration levels, and recovery rates above 87% and relative precisions between 2% and 7% were obtained. Additionally, an experimental-design approach has been used to model the storage stability of organotin compounds in human urine, demonstrating that organotins are highly degraded in this medium, although their stability is satisfactory during the first 4 days of storage at 4 °C and pH=4. Finally, this methodology was applied to urine samples collected from harbor workers exposed to antifouling paints; methyl- and butyltins were detected, confirming human exposure in this type of work environment.
KW - Gas chromatography
KW - Headspace solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME)
KW - Human urine
KW - Organotin speciation
KW - Pulsed flame photometric detection (GC-PFPD)
KW - Storage conditions
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84897076259&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.054
DO - 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.054
M3 - Article
C2 - 24840433
AN - SCOPUS:84897076259
SN - 0039-9140
VL - 125
SP - 196
EP - 203
JO - Talanta
JF - Talanta
ER -